Angular
Angular is a comprehensive framework maintained by Google for building dynamic web applications. It offers a complete solution with features such as two-way data binding, dependency injection, and a modular architecture.
Core Concepts
- Components and Templates: Angular uses components to encapsulate logic and templates to define the UI.
- Modules: Applications are structured using NgModules, which help organize code and manage dependencies.
- Data Binding: Supports both one-way and two-way data binding to synchronize the view and the model.
- Dependency Injection: Angular’s built-in DI system provides services and dependencies to components efficiently.
- Directives: Extend HTML with custom attributes and elements to add dynamic behavior.
Tooling and CLI
Angular CLI simplifies many development tasks:
- Project Scaffolding: Easily generate components, services, and modules.
- Development Server: Provides live reloading during development.
- Build Optimizations: Supports ahead-of-time (AOT) compilation, tree shaking, and bundling for optimized performance.
State Management
- Services and Observables: Use Angular services and RxJS to manage asynchronous data streams.
- NgRx: A Redux-inspired state management library for Angular, suitable for complex applications.
Testing
Angular provides robust testing support:
- Unit Testing: Use Jasmine and Karma for component and service tests.
- End-to-End Testing: Tools like Protractor or Cypress help ensure application reliability.